Abstract

Author:
Isha Chand, Sajan Shumsher Thapa

Doi: 10.26480/efcc.02.2024.54.59

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Different greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, and N2O, are emitted directly or indirectly by human activities, and their impacts are calculated through their “carbon footprint”. The emission of these gases can be minimized using a carbon-rich soil mass named biochar. Its properties, such as its surface area, pore volume, O/C and H/C ratios, functional group, and hydrophilicity of the surface, enhance its adsorption capacity, ultimately reducing emissions. Because of its ability to sequester GHGs and its long-term storage capacity, biochar serves as a potential synthetic sink. Alkali (NaOH or KOH), amine (nitrogen-containing activation agents), acid (HCL or nitric acid), and metals also modify them physically and chemically, increasing their functionality. So, this review will provide ideas about the impact of the biochar application on CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions, its functioning mechanisms, and ways of modifying them for better efficiency.